For example, the de novo enzymes could accommodate grafting of only 3-4 catalytic groups (side-chains), whereas many natural enzymes have 6 or more, and the immunogens were limited to continuous (single segment) epitopes even though most antibody epitopes are discontinuous (involve two or more antigen segments). However, in all these cases, the restriction to using predetermined scaffold backbone structures limited the complexity of the functional motifs thatĬould be transplanted. Current systems have designed recognition modules, inhibitors, enzymes, and immunogens by grafting functional constellations of side-chains onto protein scaffolds of pre-defined backbone structure. These current systems perform grafting using side- chain grafting, which relies on existing backbone conformations of proteins with known structure. Some of these structures can be defined using "functional motifs", or sets of contiguous secondary structure elements having either functional significance to the protein or defining portions of independently folded regions. Current systems can "graft", or transplant structures to, the protein scaffold. structural or functional relations or structure alignment G16B15/00- ICT specially adapted for analysing two-dimensional or three-dimensional molecular structures, e.g.INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY G16- INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS.Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) Filing date Publication date Priority claimed from US201161503526P external-priority Application filed by University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization filed Critical University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization Publication of WO2013003752A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013003752A2/en Publication of WO2013003752A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013003752A3/en Links Correla Mihai AZOITEL Yih-en Andrew BAN Original Assignee University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google Patents WO2013003752A2 - Methods for design of epitope scaffolds J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1887-1899, 2017.īone tissue engineering co-electrospinning electrospinning pore size ultrasonication.WO2013003752A2 - Methods for design of epitope scaffolds In addition, alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of osteocalcin and collagen I (COL I) were, respectively, 1.86, 2.54, and 2.16 fold compared to the control group on day 14. At the optimum condition, the average cellular infiltration was 36.51 µm compared to the control group with no cellular infiltration. Increasing the pore size enhanced the cellular proliferation, extension and infiltration, as well as the osteodifferentiation of stem cells. The optimum conditions, according to the pore area and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were selected, and finally the groups that had the highest pore size and mechanical strength were selected for the combined method. The pore size of the scaffolds was evaluated by scanning electron microscope. The ultrasonic output power and time of the process were considered as the effective parameters. Ultrasonic process was optimized by central composite design. In this study, the effect of increasing the pore size on cellular infiltration was studied in poly/nanohydroxyapatite electrospun scaffolds, which were modified using ultrasonication, co-electrospinning with poly (ethylene oxide), and a combination of both. One of the major problems associated with the electrospun scaffolds is their small pore size, which limits the cellular infiltration for bone tissue engineering.
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